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                         Rice University
          Computer and Information Technology Institute

               Copyright Legend Legal Requirements
                    (This file:  LEGEND.COP)
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(This file was prepared by D. C. Toedt of Arnold, White & Durkee,
Houston, Texas, dctoedt@mci.com.  This file is presented for
general information and not as a substitute for competent legal
advice about specific situations.)

Basic legend format (see explanatory comments below):

               Copyright (C) 1990 John Doe and Mary Roe.  All Rights
               Reserved.
           or
               Copyright (C) 1990 ABC Institution.  All Rights Reserved.

The word "copyright" should always be included, especially if (C)
is used in place of the c-in-a-circle symbol.

          *    The (C) should be used only if the c-in-a-circle
               symbol is not available (e.g., in ASCII files).  

          *    On typeset hard-copy documentation the c-in-a-
               circle symbol should always be used if at all
               possible.



The year in the legend is that of first "publication."

          *    The term "publication" in U.S. law means the
               distribution of copies to members of the public
               without restriction as to redistribution of those
               copies.  

          *    Publication also includes the offering of copies
               to two or more persons for purposes of further
               distribution.



The names in the legend are those of the copyright owner(s)

          *    All rights in software that is to be distributed by
               CITI in either of categories IU2 (internal-use, significant
               license fee) or CM (commercial development) are assigned to
               Rice University, which thereby becomes the sole owner 
               (subject to any royalty agreement).  For PD software (public
               domain) and IU1 software (internal-use, nominal license fee),
               Rice University acquires only a nonexclusive right to make and
               distribute copies, to create derivative works, and to make and
               distribute copies of any such derivative work(s).

          *    The initial owner of every copyright is the
               "author" of the copyrighted work.

          *    Joint authors are co-owners of the copyright
               (initially).

          *    A copyright owner or co-owner can sell or give
               away his/her interest in the copyright.  Usually a
               written assignment should be executed for any such
               transaction.

          *    If a human author or co-author makes his/her
               creative contribution to a copyrighted work within
               "the scope of employment," then his/her employer
               is considered to be the legal author or co-author. 
               Thus, unless that person and his/her employer
               agree otherwise, the employer will own the
               person's copyright interest.  

          *    Research funding agreements often affect copyright
               ownership (especially agreements that involve
               government agencies).



The phrase "All Rights Reserved" should be included in the legend
to maximize rights in certain Latin American countries.


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